What causes bad breath

By Okunlola Christiana Omolola 

Based on objective data and perception, halitosis (bad breath) is divided into three categories: pseudo-halitosis, halitophobia, and real halitosis (medical or physiological). Volatile sulfur molecules from bacteria (physiologic) or underlying medical conditions (pathologic), ranging from “morning breath” to systemic disorders, are frequently the reason.

Common Causes of Gastric Bad Breath:

• Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): Acid and bile return to the point of entry or the esophagus in people with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), causing an acidic, sour smell.
• Infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori): These bacteria produce acid or ammonia compounds in the stomach, which are frequently connected to ulcers and persistent bad breath.
• Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO): An overabundance of bacteria causes foul-smelling gases without breaking down food prematurely.
• Gastroparesis, or delayed gastric emptying, occurs when food stays in the stomach longer than usual, causing fermentation.
• Chronic GI Conditions: IBS, Crohn’s disease, as well as digestive blockages are examples of conditions that might impede digestion and cause odor.
• Foods and Drinks: According to Colgate, foods like garlic, onions, and high-protein diets might create transient sulfurous stomach smells.